shp2pgsql-core.c

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/**********************************************************************
 *
 * PostGIS - Spatial Types for PostgreSQL
 * http://postgis.net
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008 OpenGeo.org
 * Copyright (C) 2009 Mark Cave-Ayland <mark.cave-ayland@siriusit.co.uk>
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU General Public Licence. See the COPYING file.
 *
 * Maintainer: Paul Ramsey <pramsey@cleverelephant.ca>
 *
 **********************************************************************/
 
#include "../postgis_config.h"
 
#include <math.h> /* for isnan */
 
#include "shp2pgsql-core.h"
#include "../liblwgeom/liblwgeom.h"
#include "../liblwgeom/lwgeom_log.h" /* for LWDEBUG macros */
 
 
 
/* Internal ring/point structures */
typedef struct struct_point
{
        double x, y, z, m;
} Point;
 
typedef struct struct_ring
{
        Point *list;            /* list of points */
        struct struct_ring *next;
        int n;                  /* number of points in list */
        unsigned int linked;    /* number of "next" rings */
} Ring;
 
 
/*
 * Internal functions
 */
 
#define UTF8_GOOD_RESULT 0
#define UTF8_BAD_RESULT 1
#define UTF8_NO_RESULT 2
 
char *escape_copy_string(char *str);
char *escape_insert_string(char *str);
 
int GeneratePointGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry, int force_multi);
int GenerateLineStringGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry);
int PIP(Point P, Point *V, int n);
int FindPolygons(SHPObject *obj, Ring ***Out);
void ReleasePolygons(Ring **polys, int npolys);
int GeneratePolygonGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry);
 
 
/* Return allocated string containing UTF8 string converted from encoding fromcode */
static int
utf8(const char *fromcode, char *inputbuf, char **outputbuf)
{
        iconv_t cd;
        char *outputptr;
        size_t outbytesleft;
        size_t inbytesleft;
 
        inbytesleft = strlen(inputbuf);
 
        cd = iconv_open("UTF-8", fromcode);
        if ( cd == ((iconv_t)(-1)) )
                return UTF8_NO_RESULT;
 
        outbytesleft = inbytesleft * 3 + 1; /* UTF8 string can be 3 times larger */
        /* then local string */
        *outputbuf = (char *)malloc(outbytesleft);
        if (!*outputbuf)
                return UTF8_NO_RESULT;
 
        memset(*outputbuf, 0, outbytesleft);
        outputptr = *outputbuf;
 
        /* Does this string convert cleanly? */
        if ( iconv(cd, &inputbuf, &inbytesleft, &outputptr, &outbytesleft) == (size_t)-1 )
        {
#ifdef HAVE_ICONVCTL
                int on = 1;
                /* No. Try to convert it while transliterating. */
                iconvctl(cd, ICONV_SET_TRANSLITERATE, &on);
                if ( iconv(cd, &inputbuf, &inbytesleft, &outputptr, &outbytesleft) == -1 )
                {
                        /* No. Try to convert it while discarding errors. */
                        iconvctl(cd, ICONV_SET_DISCARD_ILSEQ, &on);
                        if ( iconv(cd, &inputbuf, &inbytesleft, &outputptr, &outbytesleft) == -1 )
                        {
                                /* Still no. Throw away the buffer and return. */
                                free(*outputbuf);
                                iconv_close(cd);
                                return UTF8_NO_RESULT;
                        }
                }
                iconv_close(cd);
                return UTF8_BAD_RESULT;
#else
                free(*outputbuf);
                iconv_close(cd);
                return UTF8_NO_RESULT;
#endif
        }
        /* Return a good result, converted string is in buffer. */
        iconv_close(cd);
        return UTF8_GOOD_RESULT;
}
 
char *
escape_copy_string(char *str)
{
        /*
         * Escape the following characters by adding a preceding backslash
         *      tab, backslash, cr, lf
         *
         * 1. find # of escaped characters
         * 2. make new string
         *
         */
 
        char *result;
        char *ptr, *optr;
        int toescape = 0;
        size_t size;
 
        ptr = str;
 
        /* Count how many characters we need to escape so we know the size of the string we need to return */
        while (*ptr)
        {
                if (*ptr == '\t' || *ptr == '\\' || *ptr == '\n' || *ptr == '\r')
                        toescape++;
 
                ptr++;
        }
 
        /* If we don't have to escape anything, simply return the input pointer */
        if (toescape == 0)
                return str;
 
        size = ptr - str + toescape + 1;
        result = calloc(1, size);
        optr = result;
        ptr = str;
 
        while (*ptr)
        {
                if ( *ptr == '\t' || *ptr == '\\' || *ptr == '\n' || *ptr == '\r' )
                        *optr++ = '\\';
 
                *optr++ = *ptr++;
        }
 
        *optr = '\0';
 
        return result;
}
 
 
char *
escape_insert_string(char *str)
{
        /*
         * Escape single quotes by adding a preceding single quote
         *
         * 1. find # of characters
         * 2. make new string
         */
 
        char *result;
        char *ptr, *optr;
        int toescape = 0;
        size_t size;
 
        ptr = str;
 
        /* Count how many characters we need to escape so we know the size of the string we need to return */
        while (*ptr)
        {
                if (*ptr == '\'')
                        toescape++;
 
                ptr++;
        }
 
        /* If we don't have to escape anything, simply return the input pointer */
        if (toescape == 0)
                return str;
 
        size = ptr - str + toescape + 1;
        result = calloc(1, size);
        optr = result;
        ptr = str;
 
        while (*ptr)
        {
                if (*ptr == '\'')
                        *optr++='\'';
 
                *optr++ = *ptr++;
        }
 
        *optr='\0';
 
        return result;
}
 
 
int
GeneratePointGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry, int force_multi)
{
        LWGEOM **lwmultipoints;
        LWGEOM *lwgeom = NULL;
 
        POINT4D point4d;
 
        int dims = 0;
        int u;
 
        char *mem;
        size_t mem_length;
 
        FLAGS_SET_Z(dims, state->has_z);
        FLAGS_SET_M(dims, state->has_m);
 
        /* POINT EMPTY encoded as POINT(NaN NaN) */
        if (obj->nVertices == 1 && isnan(obj->padfX[0]) && isnan(obj->padfY[0]))
        {
                lwgeom = lwpoint_as_lwgeom(lwpoint_construct_empty(state->from_srid, state->has_z, state->has_m));
        }
        /* Not empty */
        else
        {
                /* Allocate memory for our array of LWPOINTs and our dynptarrays */
                lwmultipoints = malloc(sizeof(LWPOINT *) * obj->nVertices);
 
                /* We need an array of pointers to each of our sub-geometries */
                for (u = 0; u < obj->nVertices; u++)
                {
                        /* Create a ptarray containing a single point */
                        POINTARRAY *pa = ptarray_construct_empty(state->has_z, state->has_m, 1);
 
                        /* Generate the point */
                        point4d.x = obj->padfX[u];
                        point4d.y = obj->padfY[u];
 
                        if (state->has_z)
                                point4d.z = obj->padfZ[u];
                        if (state->has_m)
                                point4d.m = obj->padfM[u];
 
                        /* Add in the point! */
                        ptarray_append_point(pa, &point4d, LW_TRUE);
 
                        /* Generate the LWPOINT */
                        lwmultipoints[u] = lwpoint_as_lwgeom(lwpoint_construct(state->from_srid, NULL, pa));
                }
 
                /* If we have more than 1 vertex then we are working on a MULTIPOINT and so generate a MULTIPOINT
                rather than a POINT */
                if ((obj->nVertices > 1) || force_multi)
                {
                        lwgeom = lwcollection_as_lwgeom(lwcollection_construct(MULTIPOINTTYPE, state->from_srid, NULL, obj->nVertices, lwmultipoints));
                }
                else
                {
                        lwgeom = lwmultipoints[0];
                        lwfree(lwmultipoints);
                }
        }
 
        if (state->config->use_wkt)
        {
                mem = lwgeom_to_wkt(lwgeom, WKT_EXTENDED, WKT_PRECISION, &mem_length);
        }
        else
        {
                mem = lwgeom_to_hexwkb_buffer(lwgeom, WKB_EXTENDED);
        }
 
        if ( !mem )
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, "unable to write geometry");
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* Free all of the allocated items */
        lwgeom_free(lwgeom);
 
        /* Return the string - everything ok */
        *geometry = mem;
 
        return SHPLOADEROK;
}
 
 
int
GenerateLineStringGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry)
{
 
        LWGEOM **lwmultilinestrings;
        LWGEOM *lwgeom = NULL;
        POINT4D point4d;
        int dims = 0;
        int u, v, start_vertex, end_vertex;
        char *mem;
        size_t mem_length;
 
 
        FLAGS_SET_Z(dims, state->has_z);
        FLAGS_SET_M(dims, state->has_m);
 
        if (state->config->simple_geometries == 1 && obj->nParts > 1)
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("We have a Multilinestring with %d parts, can't use -S switch!"), obj->nParts);
 
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* Allocate memory for our array of LWLINEs and our dynptarrays */
        lwmultilinestrings = malloc(sizeof(LWPOINT *) * obj->nParts);
 
        /* We need an array of pointers to each of our sub-geometries */
        for (u = 0; u < obj->nParts; u++)
        {
                /* Create a ptarray containing the line points */
                POINTARRAY *pa = ptarray_construct_empty(state->has_z, state->has_m, obj->nParts);
 
                /* Set the start/end vertices depending upon whether this is
                a MULTILINESTRING or not */
                if ( u == obj->nParts-1 )
                        end_vertex = obj->nVertices;
                else
                        end_vertex = obj->panPartStart[u + 1];
 
                start_vertex = obj->panPartStart[u];
 
                for (v = start_vertex; v < end_vertex; v++)
                {
                        /* Generate the point */
                        point4d.x = obj->padfX[v];
                        point4d.y = obj->padfY[v];
 
                        if (state->has_z)
                                point4d.z = obj->padfZ[v];
                        if (state->has_m)
                                point4d.m = obj->padfM[v];
 
                        ptarray_append_point(pa, &point4d, LW_FALSE);
                }
 
                /* Generate the LWLINE */
                lwmultilinestrings[u] = lwline_as_lwgeom(lwline_construct(state->from_srid, NULL, pa));
        }
 
        /* If using MULTILINESTRINGs then generate the serialized collection, otherwise just a single LINESTRING */
        if (state->config->simple_geometries == 0)
        {
                lwgeom = lwcollection_as_lwgeom(lwcollection_construct(MULTILINETYPE, state->from_srid, NULL, obj->nParts, lwmultilinestrings));
        }
        else
        {
                lwgeom = lwmultilinestrings[0];
                lwfree(lwmultilinestrings);
        }
 
        if (!state->config->use_wkt)
                mem = lwgeom_to_hexwkb_buffer(lwgeom, WKB_EXTENDED);
        else
                mem = lwgeom_to_wkt(lwgeom, WKT_EXTENDED, WKT_PRECISION, &mem_length);
 
        if ( !mem )
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, "unable to write geometry");
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* Free all of the allocated items */
        lwgeom_free(lwgeom);
 
        /* Return the string - everything ok */
        *geometry = mem;
 
        return SHPLOADEROK;
}
 
 
int
PIP(Point P, Point *V, int n)
{
        int cn = 0;    /* the crossing number counter */
        int i;
 
        /* loop through all edges of the polygon */
        for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++)      /* edge from V[i] to V[i+1] */
        {
                if (((V[i].y <= P.y) && (V[i + 1].y > P.y))    /* an upward crossing */
                        || ((V[i].y > P.y) && (V[i + 1].y <= P.y)))   /* a downward crossing */
                {
                        double vt = (float)(P.y - V[i].y) / (V[i + 1].y - V[i].y);
                        if (P.x < V[i].x + vt * (V[i + 1].x - V[i].x)) /* P.x < intersect */
                                ++cn;   /* a valid crossing of y=P.y right of P.x */
                }
        }
 
        return (cn&1);    /* 0 if even (out), and 1 if odd (in) */
}
 
 
int
FindPolygons(SHPObject *obj, Ring ***Out)
{
        Ring **Outer;    /* Pointers to Outer rings */
        int out_index=0; /* Count of Outer rings */
        Ring **Inner;    /* Pointers to Inner rings */
        int in_index=0;  /* Count of Inner rings */
        int pi; /* part index */
 
#if POSTGIS_DEBUG_LEVEL > 0
        static int call = -1;
        call++;
#endif
 
        LWDEBUGF(4, "FindPolygons[%d]: allocated space for %d rings\n", call, obj->nParts);
 
        /* Allocate initial memory */
        Outer = (Ring **)malloc(sizeof(Ring *) * obj->nParts);
        Inner = (Ring **)malloc(sizeof(Ring *) * obj->nParts);
 
        /* Iterate over rings dividing in Outers and Inners */
        for (pi=0; pi < obj->nParts; pi++)
        {
                int vi; /* vertex index */
                int vs; /* start index */
                int ve; /* end index */
                int nv; /* number of vertex */
                double area = 0.0;
                Ring *ring;
 
                /* Set start and end vertices */
                if (pi == obj->nParts - 1)
                        ve = obj->nVertices;
                else
                        ve = obj->panPartStart[pi + 1];
 
                vs = obj->panPartStart[pi];
 
                /* Compute number of vertices */
                nv = ve - vs;
 
                /* Allocate memory for a ring */
                ring = (Ring *)malloc(sizeof(Ring));
                ring->list = (Point *)malloc(sizeof(Point) * nv);
                ring->n = nv;
                ring->next = NULL;
                ring->linked = 0;
 
                /* Iterate over ring vertices */
                for (vi = vs; vi < ve; vi++)
                {
                        int vn = vi+1; /* next vertex for area */
                        if (vn == ve)
                                vn = vs;
 
                        ring->list[vi - vs].x = obj->padfX[vi];
                        ring->list[vi - vs].y = obj->padfY[vi];
                        ring->list[vi - vs].z = obj->padfZ[vi];
                        ring->list[vi - vs].m = obj->padfM[vi];
 
                        area += (obj->padfX[vi] * obj->padfY[vn]) -
                                (obj->padfY[vi] * obj->padfX[vn]);
                }
 
                /* Close the ring with first vertex  */
                /*ring->list[vi].x = obj->padfX[vs]; */
                /*ring->list[vi].y = obj->padfY[vs]; */
                /*ring->list[vi].z = obj->padfZ[vs]; */
                /*ring->list[vi].m = obj->padfM[vs]; */
 
                /* Clockwise (or single-part). It's an Outer Ring ! */
                if (area < 0.0 || obj->nParts == 1)
                {
                        Outer[out_index] = ring;
                        out_index++;
                }
                else
                {
                        /* Counterclockwise. It's an Inner Ring ! */
                        Inner[in_index] = ring;
                        in_index++;
                }
        }
 
        LWDEBUGF(4, "FindPolygons[%d]: found %d Outer, %d Inners\n", call, out_index, in_index);
 
        /* Put the inner rings into the list of the outer rings */
        /* of which they are within */
        for (pi = 0; pi < in_index; pi++)
        {
                Point pt, pt2;
                int i;
                Ring *inner = Inner[pi], *outer = NULL;
 
                pt.x = inner->list[0].x;
                pt.y = inner->list[0].y;
                pt.z = 0.0;
                pt.m = 0.0;
 
                pt2.x = inner->list[1].x;
                pt2.y = inner->list[1].y;
                pt2.z = 0.0;
                pt2.m = 0.0;
 
                /*
                * If we assume that the case of the "big polygon w/o hole
                * containing little polygon w/ hold" is ordered so that the
                * big polygon comes first, then checking the list in reverse
                * will assign the little polygon's hole to the little polygon
                * w/o a lot of extra fancy containment logic here
                */
                for (i = out_index - 1; i >= 0; i--)
                {
                        int in;
 
                        in = PIP(pt, Outer[i]->list, Outer[i]->n);
                        if ( in || PIP(pt2, Outer[i]->list, Outer[i]->n) )
                        {
                                outer = Outer[i];
                                break;
                        }
                }
 
                if (outer)
                {
                        outer->linked++;
                        while (outer->next)
                                outer = outer->next;
 
                        outer->next = inner;
                }
                else
                {
                        /* The ring wasn't within any outer rings, */
                        /* assume it is a new outer ring. */
                        LWDEBUGF(4, "FindPolygons[%d]: hole %d is orphan\n", call, pi);
 
                        Outer[out_index] = inner;
                        out_index++;
                }
        }
 
        *Out = Outer;
        /*
        * Only free the containing Inner array, not the ring elements, because
        * the rings are now owned by the linked lists in the Outer array elements.
        */
        free(Inner);
 
        return out_index;
}
 
 
void
ReleasePolygons(Ring **polys, int npolys)
{
        int pi;
 
        /* Release all memory */
        for (pi = 0; pi < npolys; pi++)
        {
                Ring *Poly, *temp;
                Poly = polys[pi];
                while (Poly != NULL)
                {
                        temp = Poly;
                        Poly = Poly->next;
                        free(temp->list);
                        free(temp);
                }
        }
 
        free(polys);
}
 
 
int
GeneratePolygonGeometry(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, SHPObject *obj, char **geometry)
{
        Ring **Outer;
        int polygon_total, ring_total;
        int pi, vi; /* part index and vertex index */
 
        LWGEOM **lwpolygons;
        LWGEOM *lwgeom;
 
        POINT4D point4d;
 
        int dims = 0;
 
        char *mem;
        size_t mem_length;
 
        FLAGS_SET_Z(dims, state->has_z);
        FLAGS_SET_M(dims, state->has_m);
 
        polygon_total = FindPolygons(obj, &Outer);
 
        if (state->config->simple_geometries == 1 && polygon_total != 1) /* We write Non-MULTI geometries, but have several parts: */
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("We have a Multipolygon with %d parts, can't use -S switch!"), polygon_total);
 
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* Allocate memory for our array of LWPOLYs */
        lwpolygons = malloc(sizeof(LWPOLY *) * polygon_total);
 
        /* Cycle through each individual polygon */
        for (pi = 0; pi < polygon_total; pi++)
        {
                LWPOLY *lwpoly = lwpoly_construct_empty(state->from_srid, state->has_z, state->has_m);
 
                Ring *polyring;
                int ring_index = 0;
 
                /* Firstly count through the total number of rings in this polygon */
                ring_total = 0;
                polyring = Outer[pi];
                while (polyring)
                {
                        ring_total = ring_total + 1;
                        polyring = polyring->next;
                }
 
                /* Cycle through each ring within the polygon, starting with the outer */
                polyring = Outer[pi];
 
                while (polyring)
                {
                        /* Create a POINTARRAY containing the points making up the ring */
                        POINTARRAY *pa = ptarray_construct_empty(state->has_z, state->has_m, polyring->n);
 
                        for (vi = 0; vi < polyring->n; vi++)
                        {
                                /* Build up a point array of all the points in this ring */
                                point4d.x = polyring->list[vi].x;
                                point4d.y = polyring->list[vi].y;
 
                                if (state->has_z)
                                        point4d.z = polyring->list[vi].z;
                                if (state->has_m)
                                        point4d.m = polyring->list[vi].m;
 
                                ptarray_append_point(pa, &point4d, LW_TRUE);
                        }
 
                        /* Copy the POINTARRAY pointer so we can use the LWPOLY constructor */
                        lwpoly_add_ring(lwpoly, pa);
 
                        polyring = polyring->next;
                        ring_index = ring_index + 1;
                }
 
                /* Generate the LWGEOM */
                lwpolygons[pi] = lwpoly_as_lwgeom(lwpoly);
        }
 
        /* If using MULTIPOLYGONS then generate the serialized collection, otherwise just a single POLYGON */
        if (state->config->simple_geometries == 0)
        {
                lwgeom = lwcollection_as_lwgeom(lwcollection_construct(MULTIPOLYGONTYPE, state->from_srid, NULL, polygon_total, lwpolygons));
        }
        else
        {
                lwgeom = lwpolygons[0];
                lwfree(lwpolygons);
        }
 
        if (!state->config->use_wkt)
                mem = lwgeom_to_hexwkb_buffer(lwgeom, WKB_EXTENDED);
        else
                mem = lwgeom_to_wkt(lwgeom, WKT_EXTENDED, WKT_PRECISION, &mem_length);
 
        if ( !mem )
        {
                /* Free the linked list of rings */
                ReleasePolygons(Outer, polygon_total);
 
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, "unable to write geometry");
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* Free all of the allocated items */
        lwgeom_free(lwgeom);
 
        /* Free the linked list of rings */
        ReleasePolygons(Outer, polygon_total);
 
        /* Return the string - everything ok */
        *geometry = mem;
 
        return SHPLOADEROK;
}
 
 
/*
 * External functions (defined in shp2pgsql-core.h)
 */
 
 
/* Convert the string to lower case */
void
strtolower(char *s)
{
        size_t j;
 
        for (j = 0; j < strlen(s); j++)
                s[j] = tolower(s[j]);
}
 
 
/* Default configuration settings */
void
set_loader_config_defaults(SHPLOADERCONFIG *config)
{
        config->opt = 'c';
        config->table = NULL;
        config->schema = NULL;
        config->geo_col = NULL;
        config->shp_file = NULL;
        config->dump_format = 0;
        config->simple_geometries = 0;
        config->geography = 0;
        config->quoteidentifiers = 0;
        config->forceint4 = 0;
        config->createindex = 0;
        config->analyze = 1;
        config->readshape = 1;
        config->force_output = FORCE_OUTPUT_DISABLE;
        config->encoding = strdup(ENCODING_DEFAULT);
        config->null_policy = POLICY_NULL_INSERT;
        config->sr_id = SRID_UNKNOWN;
        config->shp_sr_id = SRID_UNKNOWN;
        config->use_wkt = 0;
        config->tablespace = NULL;
        config->idxtablespace = NULL;
        config->usetransaction = 1;
        config->column_map_filename = NULL;
}
 
/* Create a new shapefile state object */
SHPLOADERSTATE *
ShpLoaderCreate(SHPLOADERCONFIG *config)
{
        SHPLOADERSTATE *state;
 
        /* Create a new state object and assign the config to it */
        state = malloc(sizeof(SHPLOADERSTATE));
        state->config = config;
 
        /* Set any state defaults */
        state->hSHPHandle = NULL;
        state->hDBFHandle = NULL;
        state->has_z = 0;
        state->has_m = 0;
        state->types = NULL;
        state->widths = NULL;
        state->precisions = NULL;
        state->col_names = NULL;
        state->field_names = NULL;
        state->num_fields = 0;
        state->pgfieldtypes = NULL;
 
        state->from_srid = config->shp_sr_id;
        state->to_srid = config->sr_id;
 
        /* If only one has a valid SRID, use it for both. */
        if (state->to_srid == SRID_UNKNOWN)
        {
                if (config->geography)
                {
                        state->to_srid = 4326;
                }
                else
                {
                        state->to_srid = state->from_srid;
                }
        }
 
        if (state->from_srid == SRID_UNKNOWN)
        {
                state->from_srid = state->to_srid;
        }
 
        /* If the geo col name is not set, use one of the defaults. */
        state->geo_col = config->geo_col;
 
        if (!state->geo_col)
        {
                state->geo_col = config->geography ? GEOGRAPHY_DEFAULT : GEOMETRY_DEFAULT;
        }
 
        colmap_init(&state->column_map);
 
        return state;
}
 
 
/* Open the shapefile and extract the relevant field information */
int
ShpLoaderOpenShape(SHPLOADERSTATE *state)
{
        SHPObject *obj = NULL;
        int ret = SHPLOADEROK;
        char name[MAXFIELDNAMELEN];
        DBFFieldType type = FTInvalid;
        char *utf8str;
 
        /* If we are reading the entire shapefile, open it */
        if (state->config->readshape == 1)
        {
                state->hSHPHandle = SHPOpen(state->config->shp_file, "rb");
 
                if (state->hSHPHandle == NULL)
                {
                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("%s: shape (.shp) or index files (.shx) can not be opened, will just import attribute data."), state->config->shp_file);
                        state->config->readshape = 0;
 
                        ret = SHPLOADERWARN;
                }
        }
 
        /* Open the DBF (attributes) file */
        state->hDBFHandle = DBFOpen(state->config->shp_file, "rb");
        if ((state->hSHPHandle == NULL && state->config->readshape == 1) || state->hDBFHandle == NULL)
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("%s: dbf file (.dbf) can not be opened."), state->config->shp_file);
 
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
 
        /* Open the column map if one was specified */
        if (state->config->column_map_filename)
        {
                ret = colmap_read(state->config->column_map_filename,
                                  &state->column_map, state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN);
                if (!ret) return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
 
        /* User hasn't altered the default encoding preference... */
        if ( strcmp(state->config->encoding, ENCODING_DEFAULT) == 0 )
        {
            /* But the file has a code page entry... */
            if ( state->hDBFHandle->pszCodePage )
            {
                /* And we figured out what iconv encoding it maps to, so use it! */
            char *newencoding = NULL;
                if ( (newencoding = codepage2encoding(state->hDBFHandle->pszCodePage)) )
                {
                lwfree(state->config->encoding);
                state->config->encoding = newencoding;
            }
        }
        }
 
        /* If reading the whole shapefile (not just attributes)... */
        if (state->config->readshape == 1)
        {
                SHPGetInfo(state->hSHPHandle, &state->num_entities, &state->shpfiletype, NULL, NULL);
 
                /* If null_policy is set to abort, check for NULLs */
                if (state->config->null_policy == POLICY_NULL_ABORT)
                {
                        /* If we abort on null items, scan the entire file for NULLs */
                        for (int j = 0; j < state->num_entities; j++)
                        {
                                obj = SHPReadObject(state->hSHPHandle, j);
 
                                if (!obj)
                                {
                                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Error reading shape object %d"), j);
                                        return SHPLOADERERR;
                                }
 
                                if (obj->nVertices == 0)
                                {
                                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Empty geometries found, aborted.)"));
                                        return SHPLOADERERR;
                                }
 
                                SHPDestroyObject(obj);
                        }
                }
 
                /* Check the shapefile type */
                int geomtype = 0;
                switch (state->shpfiletype)
                {
                case SHPT_POINT:
                        /* Point */
                        state->pgtype = "POINT";
                        geomtype = POINTTYPE;
                        state->pgdims = 2;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_ARC:
                        /* PolyLine */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTILINESTRING";
                        geomtype = MULTILINETYPE ;
                        state->pgdims = 2;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_POLYGON:
                        /* Polygon */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOLYGON";
                        geomtype = MULTIPOLYGONTYPE;
                        state->pgdims = 2;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_MULTIPOINT:
                        /* MultiPoint */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOINT";
                        geomtype = MULTIPOINTTYPE;
                        state->pgdims = 2;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_POINTM:
                        /* PointM */
                        geomtype = POINTTYPE;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgtype = "POINTM";
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_ARCM:
                        /* PolyLineM */
                        geomtype = MULTILINETYPE;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgtype = "MULTILINESTRINGM";
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_POLYGONM:
                        /* PolygonM */
                        geomtype = MULTIPOLYGONTYPE;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOLYGONM";
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_MULTIPOINTM:
                        /* MultiPointM */
                        geomtype = MULTIPOINTTYPE;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOINTM";
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_POINTZ:
                        /* PointZ */
                        geomtype = POINTTYPE;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->pgtype = "POINT";
                        state->pgdims = 4;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_ARCZ:
                        /* PolyLineZ */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTILINESTRING";
                        geomtype = MULTILINETYPE;
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 4;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_POLYGONZ:
                        /* MultiPolygonZ */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOLYGON";
                        geomtype = MULTIPOLYGONTYPE;
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 4;
                        break;
 
                case SHPT_MULTIPOINTZ:
                        /* MultiPointZ */
                        state->pgtype = "MULTIPOINT";
                        geomtype = MULTIPOINTTYPE;
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 4;
                        break;
 
                default:
                        state->pgtype = "GEOMETRY";
                        geomtype = COLLECTIONTYPE;
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 4;
 
                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unknown geometry type: %d\n"), state->shpfiletype);
                        return SHPLOADERERR;
 
                        break;
                }
 
                /* Force Z/M-handling if configured to do so */
                switch(state->config->force_output)
                {
                case FORCE_OUTPUT_2D:
                        state->has_z = 0;
                        state->has_m = 0;
                        state->pgdims = 2;
                        break;
 
                case FORCE_OUTPUT_3DZ:
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 0;
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case FORCE_OUTPUT_3DM:
                        state->has_z = 0;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 3;
                        break;
 
                case FORCE_OUTPUT_4D:
                        state->has_z = 1;
                        state->has_m = 1;
                        state->pgdims = 4;
                        break;
                default:
                        /* Simply use the auto-detected values above */
                        break;
                }
 
                /* If in simple geometry mode, alter names for CREATE TABLE by skipping MULTI */
                if (state->config->simple_geometries)
                {
                        if ((geomtype == MULTIPOLYGONTYPE) || (geomtype == MULTILINETYPE) || (geomtype == MULTIPOINTTYPE))
                        {
                                /* Chop off the "MULTI" from the string. */
                                state->pgtype += 5;
                        }
                }
 
        }
        else
        {
                /* Otherwise just count the number of records in the DBF */
                state->num_entities = DBFGetRecordCount(state->hDBFHandle);
        }
 
 
        /* Get the field information from the DBF */
        state->num_fields = DBFGetFieldCount(state->hDBFHandle);
 
        state->num_records = DBFGetRecordCount(state->hDBFHandle);
 
        /* Allocate storage for field information */
        state->field_names = malloc(state->num_fields * sizeof(char*));
        state->types = (DBFFieldType *)malloc(state->num_fields * sizeof(int));
        state->widths = malloc(state->num_fields * sizeof(int));
        state->precisions = malloc(state->num_fields * sizeof(int));
        state->pgfieldtypes = malloc(state->num_fields * sizeof(char *));
        state->col_names = malloc((state->num_fields + 2) * sizeof(char) * MAXFIELDNAMELEN);
 
        strcpy(state->col_names, "" );
        /* Generate a string of comma separated column names of the form "col1, col2 ... colN" for the SQL
           insertion string */
 
        for (int j = 0; j < state->num_fields; j++)
        {
                int field_precision = 0, field_width = 0;
                type = DBFGetFieldInfo(state->hDBFHandle, j, name, &field_width, &field_precision);
 
                state->types[j] = type;
                state->widths[j] = field_width;
                state->precisions[j] = field_precision;
/*              fprintf(stderr, "XXX %s width:%d prec:%d\n", name, field_width, field_precision); */
 
                if (state->config->encoding)
                {
                        char *encoding_msg = _("Try \"LATIN1\" (Western European), or one of the values described at http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/.");
 
                        int rv = utf8(state->config->encoding, name, &utf8str);
 
                        if (rv != UTF8_GOOD_RESULT)
                        {
                                if ( rv == UTF8_BAD_RESULT )
                                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unable to convert field name \"%s\" to UTF-8 (iconv reports \"%s\"). Current encoding is \"%s\". %s"), utf8str, strerror(errno), state->config->encoding, encoding_msg);
                                else if ( rv == UTF8_NO_RESULT )
                                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unable to convert field name to UTF-8 (iconv reports \"%s\"). Current encoding is \"%s\". %s"), strerror(errno), state->config->encoding, encoding_msg);
                                else
                                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unexpected return value from utf8()"));
 
                                if ( rv == UTF8_BAD_RESULT )
                                        free(utf8str);
 
                                return SHPLOADERERR;
                        }
 
                        strncpy(name, utf8str, MAXFIELDNAMELEN);
                        name[MAXFIELDNAMELEN-1] = '\0';
                        free(utf8str);
                }
 
                /* If a column map file has been passed in, use this to create the postgresql field name from
                   the dbf column name */
                {
                  const char *mapped = colmap_pg_by_dbf(&state->column_map, name);
                  if (mapped)
                  {
                          strncpy(name, mapped, MAXFIELDNAMELEN);
                          name[MAXFIELDNAMELEN-1] = '\0';
                        }
                }
 
                /*
                 * Make field names lowercase unless asked to
                 * keep identifiers case.
                 */
                if (!state->config->quoteidentifiers)
                        strtolower(name);
 
                /*
                 * Escape names starting with the
                 * escape char (_), those named 'gid'
                 * or after pgsql reserved attribute names
                 */
                if (name[0] == '_' ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "gid") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "tableoid") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "cmin") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "cmax") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "xmin") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "xmax") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "primary") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "oid") ||
                    ! strcmp(name, "ctid"))
                {
                        char tmp[MAXFIELDNAMELEN] = "__";
                        memcpy(tmp+2, name, MAXFIELDNAMELEN-2);
                        tmp[MAXFIELDNAMELEN-1] = '\0';
                        strncpy(name, tmp, MAXFIELDNAMELEN);
                }
 
                /* Avoid duplicating field names */
                for (int z = 0; z < j; z++)
                {
                        if (strcmp(state->field_names[z], name) == 0)
                        {
                                strncat(name, "__", MAXFIELDNAMELEN - 1);
                                snprintf(name + strlen(name),
                                         MAXFIELDNAMELEN - 1 - strlen(name),
                                         "%i",
                                         j);
                                break;
                        }
                }
 
                state->field_names[j] = strdup(name);
 
                /* Now generate the PostgreSQL type name string and width based upon the shapefile type */
                switch (state->types[j])
                {
                case FTString:
                        state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("varchar");
                        break;
 
                case FTDate:
                        state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("date");
                        break;
 
                case FTInteger:
                        /* Determine exact type based upon field width */
                        if (state->config->forceint4 || (state->widths[j] >=5 && state->widths[j] < 10))
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("int4");
                        }
                        else if (state->widths[j] >=10 && state->widths[j] < 19)
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("int8");
                        }
                        else if (state->widths[j] < 5)
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("int2");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("numeric");
                        }
                        break;
 
                case FTDouble:
                        /* Determine exact type based upon field width */
                        fprintf(stderr, "Field %s is an FTDouble with width %d and precision %d\n",
                                        state->field_names[j], state->widths[j], state->precisions[j]);
                        if (state->widths[j] > 18)
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("numeric");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("float8");
                        }
                        break;
 
                case FTLogical:
                        state->pgfieldtypes[j] = strdup("boolean");
                        break;
 
                default:
                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Invalid type %x in DBF file"), state->types[j]);
                        return SHPLOADERERR;
                }
 
                strcat(state->col_names, "\"");
                strcat(state->col_names, name);
 
                if (state->config->readshape == 1 || j < (state->num_fields - 1))
                {
                        /* Don't include last comma if its the last field and no geometry field will follow */
                        strcat(state->col_names, "\",");
                }
                else
                {
                        strcat(state->col_names, "\"");
                }
        }
 
        /* Append the geometry column if required */
        if (state->config->readshape == 1)
                strcat(state->col_names, state->geo_col);
 
        /* Return status */
        return ret;
}
 
/* Return a pointer to an allocated string containing the header for the specified loader state */
int
ShpLoaderGetSQLHeader(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, char **strheader)
{
        stringbuffer_t *sb;
        char *ret;
        int j;
 
        /* Create the stringbuffer containing the header; we use this API as it's easier
           for handling string resizing during append */
        sb = stringbuffer_create();
        stringbuffer_clear(sb);
 
        /* Set the client encoding if required */
        if (state->config->encoding)
        {
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO UTF8;\n");
        }
 
        /* Use SQL-standard string escaping rather than PostgreSQL standard */
        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SET STANDARD_CONFORMING_STRINGS TO ON;\n");
 
        /* Drop table if requested */
        if (state->config->opt == 'd')
        {
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        if (state->config->readshape == 1 && (! state->config->geography) )
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SELECT DropGeometryColumn('%s','%s','%s');\n",
                                                     state->config->schema, state->config->table, state->geo_col);
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS \"%s\".\"%s\";\n", state->config->schema,
                                             state->config->table);
                }
                else
                {
                        if (state->config->readshape == 1  && (! state->config->geography) )
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SELECT DropGeometryColumn('','%s','%s');\n",
                                                     state->config->table, state->geo_col);
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS \"%s\";\n", state->config->table);
                }
        }
 
        /* Start of transaction if we are using one */
        if (state->config->usetransaction)
        {
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "BEGIN;\n");
        }
 
        /* If not in 'append' mode create the spatial table */
        if (state->config->opt != 'a')
        {
                /*
                * Create a table for inserting the shapes into with appropriate
                * columns and types
                */
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "CREATE TABLE \"%s\".\"%s\" (gid serial",
                                             state->config->schema, state->config->table);
                }
                else
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "CREATE TABLE \"%s\" (gid serial", state->config->table);
                }
 
                /* Generate the field types based upon the shapefile information */
                for (j = 0; j < state->num_fields; j++)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ",\n\"%s\" ", state->field_names[j]);
 
                        /* First output the raw field type string */
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "%s", state->pgfieldtypes[j]);
 
                        /* Some types do have typmods */
                        /* Apply width typmod for varchar if there is positive width **/
                        if (!strcmp("varchar", state->pgfieldtypes[j]) && state->widths[j] > 0)
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "(%d)", state->widths[j]);
 
                        if (!strcmp("numeric", state->pgfieldtypes[j]))
                        {
                                /* Doubles we just allow PostgreSQL to auto-detect the size */
                                if (state->types[j] != FTDouble)
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "(%d,0)", state->widths[j]);
                        }
                }
 
                /* Add the geography column directly to the table definition, we don't
                   need to do an AddGeometryColumn() call. */
                if (state->config->readshape == 1 && state->config->geography)
                {
                        char *dimschar;
 
                        if (state->pgdims == 4)
                                dimschar = "ZM";
                        else
                                dimschar = "";
 
                        if (state->to_srid == SRID_UNKNOWN ){
                                state->to_srid = 4326;
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ",\n\"%s\" geography(%s%s,%d)", state->geo_col, state->pgtype, dimschar, state->to_srid);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ")");
 
                /* Tablespace is optional. */
                if (state->config->tablespace != NULL)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, " TABLESPACE \"%s\"", state->config->tablespace);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ";\n");
 
                /* Create the primary key.  This is done separately because the index for the PK needs
                 * to be in the correct tablespace. */
 
                /* TODO: Currently PostgreSQL does not allow specifying an index to use for a PK (so you get
                 *       a default one called table_pkey) and it does not provide a way to create a PK index
                 *       in a specific tablespace.  So as a hacky solution we create the PK, then move the
                 *       index to the correct tablespace.  Eventually this should be:
                 *           CREATE INDEX table_pkey on table(gid) TABLESPACE tblspc;
                 *           ALTER TABLE table ADD PRIMARY KEY (gid) USING INDEX table_pkey;
                 *       A patch has apparently been submitted to PostgreSQL to enable this syntax, see this thread:
                 *           http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-hackers/2011-01/msg01405.php */
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ALTER TABLE ");
 
                /* Schema is optional, include if present. */
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".",state->config->schema);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\" ADD PRIMARY KEY (gid);\n", state->config->table);
 
                /* Tablespace is optional for the index. */
                if (state->config->idxtablespace != NULL)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ALTER INDEX ");
                        if (state->config->schema)
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".",state->config->schema);
                        }
 
                        /* WARNING: We're assuming the default "table_pkey" name for the primary
                         *          key index.  PostgreSQL may use "table_pkey1" or similar in the
                         *          case of a name conflict, so you may need to edit the produced
                         *          SQL in this rare case. */
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s_pkey\" SET TABLESPACE \"%s\";\n",
                                                state->config->table, state->config->idxtablespace);
                }
 
                /* Create the geometry column with an addgeometry call */
                if (state->config->readshape == 1 && (!state->config->geography))
                {
                        /* If they didn't specify a target SRID, see if they specified a source SRID. */
                        int32_t srid = state->to_srid;
                        if (state->config->schema)
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SELECT AddGeometryColumn('%s','%s','%s','%d',",
                                                     state->config->schema, state->config->table, state->geo_col, srid);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SELECT AddGeometryColumn('','%s','%s','%d',",
                                                     state->config->table, state->geo_col, srid);
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "'%s',%d);\n", state->pgtype, state->pgdims);
                }
        }
 
        if (state->config->dump_format && state->to_srid != state->from_srid){
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "CREATE TEMP TABLE \"pgis_tmp_%s\" AS SELECT * FROM ", state->config->table);
                /* Schema is optional, include if present. */
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".",state->config->schema);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\" WHERE false;\n", state->config->table);
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ALTER TABLE \"pgis_tmp_%s\" ALTER COLUMN \"%s\" TYPE geometry USING ( (\"%s\"::geometry) ); \n", state->config->table,  state->geo_col, state->geo_col);
        }
 
        /* Copy the string buffer into a new string, destroying the string buffer */
        ret = (char *)malloc(strlen((char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb)) + 1);
        strcpy(ret, (char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb));
        stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
        *strheader = ret;
 
        return SHPLOADEROK;
}
 
 
/* Return an allocated string containing the copy statement for this state */
int
ShpLoaderGetSQLCopyStatement(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, char **strheader)
{
        //char *copystr;
        stringbuffer_t *sb;
        char *ret;
        sb = stringbuffer_create();
        stringbuffer_clear(sb);
 
 
        /* Allocate the string for the COPY statement */
        if (state->config->dump_format)
        {
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "COPY ");
 
                if (state->to_srid != state->from_srid){
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, " \"pgis_tmp_%s\" (%s) FROM stdin;\n", state->config->table, state->col_names);
                }
                else {
                        if (state->config->schema)
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, " \"%s\".", state->config->schema);
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\" (%s) FROM stdin;\n", state->config->table, state->col_names);
                }
 
                /* Copy the string buffer into a new string, destroying the string buffer */
                ret = (char *)malloc(strlen((char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb)) + 1);
                strcpy(ret, (char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb));
                stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
                *strheader = ret;
                return SHPLOADEROK;
        }
        else
        {
                /* Flag an error as something has gone horribly wrong */
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Internal error: attempt to generate a COPY statement for data that hasn't been requested in COPY format"));
 
                return SHPLOADERERR;
        }
}
 
 
/* Return a count of the number of entities in this shapefile */
int
ShpLoaderGetRecordCount(SHPLOADERSTATE *state)
{
        return state->num_entities;
}
 
 
/* Return an allocated string representation of a specified record item */
int
ShpLoaderGenerateSQLRowStatement(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, int item, char **strrecord)
{
        SHPObject *obj = NULL;
        stringbuffer_t *sb;
        stringbuffer_t *sbwarn;
        char val[MAXVALUELEN];
        char *escval;
        char *geometry=NULL, *ret;
        char *utf8str;
        int res, i;
        int rv;
 
        /* Clear the stringbuffers */
        sbwarn = stringbuffer_create();
        stringbuffer_clear(sbwarn);
        sb = stringbuffer_create();
        stringbuffer_clear(sb);
 
        /* Skip deleted records */
        if (state->hDBFHandle && DBFIsRecordDeleted(state->hDBFHandle, item))
        {
                *strrecord = NULL;
                return SHPLOADERRECDELETED;
        }
 
        /* If we are reading the shapefile, open the specified record */
        if (state->config->readshape == 1)
        {
                obj = SHPReadObject(state->hSHPHandle, item);
                if (!obj)
                {
                        snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Error reading shape object %d"), item);
                        return SHPLOADERERR;
                }
 
                /* If we are set to skip NULLs, return a NULL record status */
                if (state->config->null_policy == POLICY_NULL_SKIP && obj->nVertices == 0 )
                {
                        SHPDestroyObject(obj);
 
                        *strrecord = NULL;
                        return SHPLOADERRECISNULL;
                }
        }
 
        /* If not in dump format, generate the INSERT string */
        if (!state->config->dump_format)
        {
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "INSERT INTO \"%s\".\"%s\" (%s) VALUES (", state->config->schema,
                                             state->config->table, state->col_names);
                }
                else
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "INSERT INTO \"%s\" (%s) VALUES (", state->config->table,
                                             state->col_names);
                }
        }
 
 
        /* Read all of the attributes from the DBF file for this item */
        for (i = 0; i < DBFGetFieldCount(state->hDBFHandle); i++)
        {
                /* Special case for NULL attributes */
                if (DBFIsAttributeNULL(state->hDBFHandle, item, i))
                {
                        if (state->config->dump_format)
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\\N");
                        else
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "NULL");
                }
                else
                {
                        /* Attribute NOT NULL */
                        switch (state->types[i])
                        {
                        case FTInteger:
                        case FTDouble:
                                rv = snprintf(val, MAXVALUELEN, "%s", DBFReadStringAttribute(state->hDBFHandle, item, i));
                                if (rv >= MAXVALUELEN || rv == -1)
                                {
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sbwarn, "Warning: field %d name truncated\n", i);
                                        val[MAXVALUELEN - 1] = '\0';
                                }
 
                                /* If the value is an empty string, change to 0 */
                                if (val[0] == '\0')
                                {
                                        val[0] = '0';
                                        val[1] = '\0';
                                }
 
                                /* If the value ends with just ".", remove the dot */
                                if (val[strlen(val) - 1] == '.')
                                        val[strlen(val) - 1] = '\0';
                                break;
 
                        case FTString:
                        case FTLogical:
                                rv = snprintf(val, MAXVALUELEN, "%s", DBFReadStringAttribute(state->hDBFHandle, item, i));
                                if (rv >= MAXVALUELEN || rv == -1)
                                {
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sbwarn, "Warning: field %d name truncated\n", i);
                                        val[MAXVALUELEN - 1] = '\0';
                                }
                                break;
 
                        case FTDate:
                                rv = snprintf(val, MAXVALUELEN, "%s", DBFReadStringAttribute(state->hDBFHandle, item, i));
                                if (rv >= MAXVALUELEN || rv == -1)
                                {
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sbwarn, "Warning: field %d name truncated\n", i);
                                        val[MAXVALUELEN - 1] = '\0';
                                }
                                if (strlen(val) == 0)
                                {
                                        if (state->config->dump_format)
                                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\\N");
                                        else
                                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "NULL");
                                        goto done_cell;
                                }
                                break;
 
                        default:
                                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Error: field %d has invalid or unknown field type (%d)"), i, state->types[i]);
 
                                /* clean up and return err */
                                SHPDestroyObject(obj);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
                                return SHPLOADERERR;
                        }
 
                        if (state->config->encoding)
                        {
                                char *encoding_msg = _("Try \"LATIN1\" (Western European), or one of the values described at http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/multibyte.html.");
 
                                rv = utf8(state->config->encoding, val, &utf8str);
 
                                if (rv != UTF8_GOOD_RESULT)
                                {
                                        if ( rv == UTF8_BAD_RESULT )
                                                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unable to convert data value \"%s\" to UTF-8 (iconv reports \"%s\"). Current encoding is \"%s\". %s"), utf8str, strerror(errno), state->config->encoding, encoding_msg);
                                        else if ( rv == UTF8_NO_RESULT )
                                                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unable to convert data value to UTF-8 (iconv reports \"%s\"). Current encoding is \"%s\". %s"), strerror(errno), state->config->encoding, encoding_msg);
                                        else
                                                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Unexpected return value from utf8()"));
 
                                        if ( rv == UTF8_BAD_RESULT )
                                                free(utf8str);
 
                                        /* clean up and return err */
                                        SHPDestroyObject(obj);
                                        stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
                                        stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
                                        return SHPLOADERERR;
                                }
                                strncpy(val, utf8str, MAXVALUELEN);
                                val[MAXVALUELEN-1] = '\0';
                                free(utf8str);
 
                        }
 
                        /* Escape attribute correctly according to dump format */
                        if (state->config->dump_format)
                        {
                                escval = escape_copy_string(val);
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "%s", escval);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                escval = escape_insert_string(val);
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "'%s'", escval);
                        }
 
                        /* Free the escaped version if required */
                        if (val != escval)
                                free(escval);
                }
 
done_cell:
 
                /* Only put in delimiter if not last field or a shape will follow */
                if (state->config->readshape == 1 || i < DBFGetFieldCount(state->hDBFHandle) - 1)
                {
                        if (state->config->dump_format)
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\t");
                        else
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ",");
                }
 
                /* End of DBF attribute loop */
        }
 
 
        /* Add the shape attribute if we are reading it */
        if (state->config->readshape == 1)
        {
                /* Force the locale to C */
                char *oldlocale = setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
 
                /* Handle the case of a NULL shape */
                if (obj->nVertices == 0)
                {
                        if (state->config->dump_format)
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\\N");
                        else
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "NULL");
                }
                else
                {
                        /* Handle all other shape attributes */
                        switch (obj->nSHPType)
                        {
                        case SHPT_POLYGON:
                        case SHPT_POLYGONM:
                        case SHPT_POLYGONZ:
                                res = GeneratePolygonGeometry(state, obj, &geometry);
                                break;
 
                        case SHPT_POINT:
                        case SHPT_POINTM:
                        case SHPT_POINTZ:
                                res = GeneratePointGeometry(state, obj, &geometry, 0);
                                break;
 
                        case SHPT_MULTIPOINT:
                        case SHPT_MULTIPOINTM:
                        case SHPT_MULTIPOINTZ:
                                /* Force it to multi unless using -S */
                                res = GeneratePointGeometry(state, obj, &geometry,
                                        state->config->simple_geometries ? 0 : 1);
                                break;
 
                        case SHPT_ARC:
                        case SHPT_ARCM:
                        case SHPT_ARCZ:
                                res = GenerateLineStringGeometry(state, obj, &geometry);
                                break;
 
                        default:
                                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, _("Shape type is not supported, type id = %d"), obj->nSHPType);
                                SHPDestroyObject(obj);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
                                return SHPLOADERERR;
                        }
                        /* The default returns out of the function, so res will always have been set. */
                        if (res != SHPLOADEROK)
                        {
                                /* Error message has already been set */
                                SHPDestroyObject(obj);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
                                stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
                                return SHPLOADERERR;
                        }
 
                        /* Now generate the geometry string according to the current configuration */
                        if (!state->config->dump_format)
                        {
                                if (state->to_srid != state->from_srid)
                                {
                                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ST_Transform(");
                                }
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "'");
                        }
 
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "%s", geometry);
 
                        if (!state->config->dump_format)
                        {
                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "'");
 
                                /* Close the ST_Transform if reprojecting. */
                                if (state->to_srid != state->from_srid)
                                {
                                        /* We need to add an explicit cast to geography/geometry to ensure that
                                           PostgreSQL doesn't get confused with the ST_Transform() raster
                                           function. */
                                        if (state->config->geography)
                                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "::geometry, %d)::geography", state->to_srid);
                                        else
                                                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "::geometry, %d)", state->to_srid);
                                }
                        }
 
                        lwfree(geometry);
                }
 
                /* Tidy up everything */
                SHPDestroyObject(obj);
 
                setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, oldlocale);
        }
 
        /* Close the line correctly for dump/insert format */
        if (!state->config->dump_format)
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ");");
 
 
        /* Copy the string buffer into a new string, destroying the string buffer */
        ret = (char *)malloc(strlen((char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb)) + 1);
        strcpy(ret, (char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb));
        stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
        *strrecord = ret;
 
        /* If any warnings occurred, set the returned message string and warning status */
        if (strlen((char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sbwarn)) > 0)
        {
                snprintf(state->message, SHPLOADERMSGLEN, "%s", stringbuffer_getstring(sbwarn));
                stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
 
                return SHPLOADERWARN;
        }
        else
        {
                /* Everything went okay */
                stringbuffer_destroy(sbwarn);
 
                return SHPLOADEROK;
        }
}
 
 
/* Return a pointer to an allocated string containing the header for the specified loader state */
int
ShpLoaderGetSQLFooter(SHPLOADERSTATE *state, char **strfooter)
{
        stringbuffer_t *sb;
        char *ret;
 
        /* Create the stringbuffer containing the header; we use this API as it's easier
           for handling string resizing during append */
        sb = stringbuffer_create();
        stringbuffer_clear(sb);
 
        if ( state->config->dump_format && state->to_srid != state->from_srid){
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ALTER TABLE  \"pgis_tmp_%s\" ALTER COLUMN \"%s\" TYPE ", state->config->table, state->geo_col);
                if (state->config->geography){
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "geography USING (ST_Transform(\"%s\", %d)::geography );\n", state->geo_col, state->to_srid);
                }
                else {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "geometry USING (ST_Transform(\"%s\", %d)::geometry );\n", state->geo_col, state->to_srid);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "INSERT INTO ");
                // /* Schema is optional, include if present. */
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".", state->config->schema);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\" (%s) ", state->config->table, state->col_names);
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "SELECT %s FROM \"pgis_tmp_%s\";\n", state->col_names, state->config->table);
        }
 
        /* Create gist index if specified and not in "prepare" mode */
        if (state->config->readshape && state->config->createindex)
        {
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "CREATE INDEX ON ");
                /* Schema is optional, include if present. */
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".",state->config->schema);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\" USING GIST (\"%s\")", state->config->table, state->geo_col);
                /* Tablespace is also optional. */
                if (state->config->idxtablespace != NULL)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, " TABLESPACE \"%s\"", state->config->idxtablespace);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, ";\n");
        }
 
        /* End the transaction if there is one. */
        if (state->config->usetransaction)
        {
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "COMMIT;\n");
        }
 
 
        if(state->config->analyze)
        {
                /* Always ANALYZE the resulting table, for better stats */
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "ANALYZE ");
                if (state->config->schema)
                {
                        stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\".", state->config->schema);
                }
                stringbuffer_aprintf(sb, "\"%s\";\n", state->config->table);
        }
 
        /* Copy the string buffer into a new string, destroying the string buffer */
        ret = (char *)malloc(strlen((char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb)) + 1);
        strcpy(ret, (char *)stringbuffer_getstring(sb));
        stringbuffer_destroy(sb);
 
        *strfooter = ret;
 
        return SHPLOADEROK;
}
 
 
void
ShpLoaderDestroy(SHPLOADERSTATE *state)
{
        /* Destroy a state object created with ShpLoaderOpenShape */
        int i;
        if (state != NULL)
        {
                if (state->hSHPHandle)
                        SHPClose(state->hSHPHandle);
                if (state->hDBFHandle)
                        DBFClose(state->hDBFHandle);
                if (state->field_names)
                {
                        for (i = 0; i < state->num_fields; i++)
                                free(state->field_names[i]);
 
                        free(state->field_names);
                }
                if (state->pgfieldtypes)
                {
                        for (i = 0; i < state->num_fields; i++)
                                free(state->pgfieldtypes[i]);
 
                        free(state->pgfieldtypes);
                }
                if (state->types)
                        free(state->types);
                if (state->widths)
                        free(state->widths);
                if (state->precisions)
                        free(state->precisions);
                if (state->col_names)
                        free(state->col_names);
 
                /* Free any column map fieldnames if specified */
                colmap_clean(&state->column_map);
 
                /* Free the state itself */
                free(state);
        }
}