lwt_GetFaceContainingPoint()

LWT_ELEMID lwt_GetFaceContainingPoint	(	LWT_TOPOLOGY *	topo,
		const LWPOINT *	pt
	)

Find the face-id of the face properly containing a given point.

Parameters

topo	the topology to operate on
point	the point to use for query

Returns

a face identifier if one is found (0 if universe), -1 on error (point intersects non-dangling edge). The liblwgeom error handler will be invoked in case of error.

Definition at line 7711 of file lwgeom_topo.c.

{
  LWT_ISO_EDGE* closestEdge;
  LWT_ISO_EDGE* edges;
  uint64_t numedges, i;
  const POINT2D *queryPoint;
  const POINT2D *closestPointOnEdge = NULL;
  uint32_t closestSegmentIndex;
  int closestSegmentSide;
  uint32_t closestPointVertex;
  const POINT2D *closestSegmentP0, *closestSegmentP1;
  LWT_ELEMID closestNode = 0;
  double dist;
  LWT_ELEMID containingFace = -1;
 
  closestEdge = lwt_be_getClosestEdge( topo, pt, &numedges,
    LWT_COL_EDGE_GEOM|
    LWT_COL_EDGE_EDGE_ID|
    LWT_COL_EDGE_START_NODE|
    LWT_COL_EDGE_END_NODE|
    LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_LEFT|
    LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_RIGHT
  );
  if (numedges == UINT64_MAX)
  {
    PGTOPO_BE_ERROR();
    /* cberror(topo->be_data, "Error from cb_getClosestEdge"); */
    return -1;
  }
  if (numedges == 0)
  {
    /* If there are no edges the point is in the universal face */
    return 0;
  }
 
  if ( closestEdge->face_left < 0 )
  {
    lwerror("Closest edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID " has invalid face %" LWTFMT_ELEMID
      " on its left side", closestEdge->edge_id, closestEdge->face_left);
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    return -1;
  }
 
  if ( closestEdge->face_right < 0 )
  {
    lwerror("Closest edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID " has invalid face %" LWTFMT_ELEMID
      " on its right side", closestEdge->edge_id, closestEdge->face_right);
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    return -1;
  }
 
  if ( closestEdge->geom->points->npoints < 2 )
  {
    lwerror("Corrupted topology: geometry of edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID " is EMPTY",
      closestEdge->edge_id);
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    return -1;
  }
 
  LWDEBUGGF(2, lwline_as_lwgeom(closestEdge->geom), "Closest edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID, closestEdge->edge_id);
 
  /* Find closest segment of edge to the point */
  queryPoint = getPoint2d_cp(pt->point, 0);
  closestSegmentIndex = ptarray_closest_segment_2d(closestEdge->geom->points, queryPoint, &dist);
  LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest segment on edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID " is %d (dist %g)", closestEdge->edge_id, closestSegmentIndex, dist);
  closestSegmentP0 = getPoint2d_cp(closestEdge->geom->points, closestSegmentIndex);
  closestSegmentP1 = getPoint2d_cp(closestEdge->geom->points, closestSegmentIndex + 1);
  LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest segment on edge %" LWTFMT_ELEMID " is LINESTRING(%g %g, %g %g)",
    closestEdge->edge_id,
    closestSegmentP0->x,
    closestSegmentP0->y,
    closestSegmentP1->x,
    closestSegmentP1->y
  );
 
  /*
   * We use comp.graphics.algorithms Frequently Asked Questions method
   *
   * (1)           AC dot AB
   *           r = ----------
   *                ||AB||^2
   *  r has the following meaning:
   *  r=0 P = A
   *  r=1 P = B
   *  r<0 P is on the backward extension of AB
   *  r>1 P is on the forward extension of AB
   *  0<r<1 P is interior to AB
   *
   */
  const POINT2D *p = queryPoint;
  const POINT2D *A = closestSegmentP0;
  const POINT2D *B = closestSegmentP1;
  double r = ( (p->x-A->x) * (B->x-A->x) + (p->y-A->y) * (B->y-A->y) )/( (B->x-A->x)*(B->x-A->x) +(B->y-A->y)*(B->y-A->y) );
  if ( r <= 0 )
  {
    closestPointOnEdge = A;
    closestPointVertex = closestSegmentIndex;
    if ( closestSegmentIndex == 0 )
    {
      closestNode = closestEdge->start_node;
    }
  }
  else if (r >= 1 )
  {
    closestPointOnEdge = B;
    closestPointVertex = closestSegmentIndex + 1;
    if ( closestSegmentIndex + 2 == closestEdge->geom->points->npoints )
    {
      closestNode = closestEdge->end_node;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    closestPointVertex = closestEdge->geom->points->npoints;
  }
 
  if ( closestNode != 0 )
  {
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest point is node %" LWTFMT_ELEMID, closestNode);
    if ( dist == 0 )
    {
      LWDEBUGF(1, "Query point is node %" LWTFMT_ELEMID, closestNode);
      /* Query point is the node
       *
       * If all edges incident to the node are
       * dangling, we can return their common
       * side face, otherwise the point will be
       * on multiple face boundaries
       */
      if ( closestEdge->face_left != closestEdge->face_right )
      {
        _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
        lwerror("Two or more faces found");
        return -1;
      }
      containingFace = closestEdge->face_left;
 
      /* Check other incident edges */
      numedges = 1;
      edges = lwt_be_getEdgeByNode( topo, &closestNode, &numedges, LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_LEFT|LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_RIGHT );
      if (numedges == UINT64_MAX)
      {
        PGTOPO_BE_ERROR();
        /* cberror(topo->be_data, "Error from cb_getClosestEdge"); */
        _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
        return -1;
      }
      for (i=0; i<numedges; ++i)
      {
        if ( edges[i].face_left != containingFace ||
             edges[i].face_right != containingFace )
        {
          _lwt_release_edges(edges, numedges);
          _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
          lwerror("Two or more faces found");
          return -1;
        }
      }
      if (numedges < 1 )
      {
        lwerror("Unexpected backend return: getEdgeByNode(%" LWTFMT_ELEMID
          ") returns no edges when we previously found edge %"
          LWTFMT_ELEMID " ending on that node",
          closestNode, closestEdge->edge_id);
        _lwt_release_edges(edges, numedges);
        _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
        return -1;
      }
      LWDEBUGF(1, "lwt_be_getEdgeByNode returned %" PRIu64 " edges", numedges);
      _lwt_release_edges(edges, numedges);
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return containingFace;
    }
 
    /* Closest point is a node, but query point is NOT on the node */
 
    /* let's do azimuth computation */
    edgeend ee;
    if ( ! azimuth_pt_pt(closestPointOnEdge, queryPoint, &ee.myaz) ) {
      lwerror("error computing azimuth of query point [%.15g %.15g,%.15g %.15g]",
              closestPointOnEdge->x, closestPointOnEdge->y,
              queryPoint->x, queryPoint->y);
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return -1;
    }
 
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Query point azimuth is %g", ee.myaz);
 
    int found = _lwt_FindAdjacentEdges( topo, closestNode, &ee, NULL, -1 );
    if ( ! found ) {
        lwerror("Unexpected backend return: _lwt_FindAdjacentEdges(%"
          LWTFMT_ELEMID
          ") found no edges when we previously found edge %"
          LWTFMT_ELEMID " ending on that node",
          closestNode, closestEdge->edge_id);
        _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
        return -1;
    }
 
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    return ee.cwFace;
 
  }
 
  LWDEBUG(1, "Closest point is NOT a node");
 
  /* If this edge has the same face on the left and right sides
   * we found the face containing our query point */
  if ( closestEdge->face_left == closestEdge->face_right )
  {
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest point is on a edge with face %" LWTFMT_ELEMID
      " on both sides", closestEdge->face_left);
 
    containingFace = closestEdge->face_left;
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    return containingFace;
  }
 
  if ( dist == 0 )
  {
    /* We checked the dangling case above */
    _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
    lwerror("Two or more faces found");
    return -1;
  }
 
  /* Find on which side of the segment the query point lays */
  if ( closestPointVertex != closestEdge->geom->points->npoints )
  {
    /* Closest point is a vertex of the closest segment */
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest point is vertex %d of closest segment", closestPointVertex);
 
    /*
     * We need to check if rotating clockwise the line
     * from previous vertex to closest vertex clockwise
     * around the closest vertex encounters
     * the line to query point first (which means it's on the left
     * of the closest edge) or the line to next vertex first (which
     * means the query point is on the right)
     */
 
    uint32_t prevVertexIndex = closestPointVertex > 0 ?
      closestPointVertex - 1u :
      closestEdge->geom->points->npoints - 2u; /* last vertex would be == first vertex, this being a closed edge */
 
    const POINT2D *prevVertex = getPoint2d_cp(
      closestEdge->geom->points,
      prevVertexIndex
    );
 
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Previous vertex %u is POINT(%.15g %.15g)",
      prevVertexIndex,
      prevVertex->x,
      prevVertex->y
    );
 
    uint32_t nextVertexIndex = closestPointVertex == closestEdge->geom->points->npoints - 1u ?
      1u : /* first point would be == last point, this being a closed edge */
      closestPointVertex + 1u;
 
    const POINT2D *nextVertex = getPoint2d_cp(
      closestEdge->geom->points,
      nextVertexIndex
    );
 
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Next vertex %u is POINT(%.15g %.15g)",
      nextVertexIndex,
      nextVertex->x,
      nextVertex->y
    );
 
 
    double azS0; /* azimuth from previous vertex to closestPointVertex */
    double azS1; /* azimuth from closestPointVertex to next vertex */
    double azSL; /* azimuth from closestPointVertex to query point */
 
    if ( ! azimuth_pt_pt(closestPointOnEdge, prevVertex, &azS0)) {
      lwerror("error computing azimuth of segment to closest point [%.15g %.15g,%.15g %.15g]",
              closestPointOnEdge->x, closestPointOnEdge->y,
              prevVertex->x, prevVertex->y);
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return -1;
    }
    if ( ! azimuth_pt_pt(closestPointOnEdge, nextVertex, &azS1)) {
      lwerror("error computing azimuth of segment from closest point [%.15g %.15g,%.15g %.15g]",
              closestPointOnEdge->x, closestPointOnEdge->y,
              nextVertex->x, nextVertex->y);
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return -1;
    }
    if ( ! azimuth_pt_pt(closestPointOnEdge, queryPoint, &azSL) ) {
      lwerror("error computing azimuth of queryPoint [%.15g %.15g,%.15g %.15g]",
              closestPointOnEdge->x, closestPointOnEdge->y,
              queryPoint->x, queryPoint->y);
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return -1;
    }
 
    double angle_S0_S1 = azS1 - azS0;
    if ( angle_S0_S1 < 0 ) angle_S0_S1 += 2 * M_PI;
 
    double angle_S0_SL = azSL - azS0;
    if ( angle_S0_SL < 0 ) angle_S0_SL += 2 * M_PI;
 
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Azimuths from closest (vertex) point: P:%g, N:%g (+%g), Q:%g (+%g)",
      azS0,
      azS1, angle_S0_S1,
      azSL, angle_S0_SL
    );
    if ( angle_S0_SL < angle_S0_S1 )
    {
      /* line to query point was encountered first, is on the left */
      containingFace = closestEdge->face_left;
    }
    else
    {
      /* line to query point was NOT encountered first, is on the right */
      containingFace = closestEdge->face_right;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    /* Closest point is internal to closest segment, we can use
     * lw_segment_side */
 
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Closest point is internal to closest segment, calling lw_segment_side((%g,%g),(%g,%g),(%g,%g)",
      closestSegmentP0->x,
      closestSegmentP0->y,
      closestSegmentP1->x,
      closestSegmentP1->y,
      queryPoint->x,
      queryPoint->y
    );
 
    closestSegmentSide = lw_segment_side(closestSegmentP0, closestSegmentP1, queryPoint);
    LWDEBUGF(1, "Side of closest segment query point falls on: %d (%s)",
      closestSegmentSide, closestSegmentSide == -1 ? "left" : closestSegmentSide == 1 ? "right" : "collinear" );
 
    if ( closestSegmentSide == -1 ) /* left */
    {
      containingFace = closestEdge->face_left;
    }
    else if ( closestSegmentSide == 1 ) /* right */
    {
      containingFace = closestEdge->face_right;
    }
    else
    {
      lwerror("Unexpected collinearity reported from lw_segment_side");
      _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
      return -1;
    }
 
  }
 
  _lwt_release_edges(closestEdge, 1);
  return containingFace;
}

References _lwt_FindAdjacentEdges(), _lwt_release_edges(), azimuth_pt_pt(), edgeend_t::cwFace, LWT_ISO_EDGE::edge_id, LWT_ISO_EDGE::end_node, LWT_ISO_EDGE::face_left, LWT_ISO_EDGE::face_right, LWT_ISO_EDGE::geom, getPoint2d_cp(), lw_segment_side(), LWDEBUG, LWDEBUGF, LWDEBUGGF, lwerror(), lwline_as_lwgeom(), lwt_be_getClosestEdge(), lwt_be_getEdgeByNode(), LWT_COL_EDGE_EDGE_ID, LWT_COL_EDGE_END_NODE, LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_LEFT, LWT_COL_EDGE_FACE_RIGHT, LWT_COL_EDGE_GEOM, LWT_COL_EDGE_START_NODE, LWTFMT_ELEMID, edgeend_t::myaz, POINTARRAY::npoints, PGTOPO_BE_ERROR, LWPOINT::point, LWLINE::points, ptarray_closest_segment_2d(), r, LWT_ISO_EDGE::start_node, POINT2D::x, and POINT2D::y.

Referenced by _lwt_AddIsoNode(), lwt_GetFaceByPoint(), and lwt_MoveIsoNode().

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