説明

Computes the line which is the section of the input line starting and ending at the given fractional locations. The first argument must be a LINESTRING. The second and third arguments are values in the range [0, 1] representing the start and end locations. For geometry inputs, the fractions are measured in 2D line length. The Z and M values are interpolated for added endpoints if present.

startfractionとendfractionが同じ値である場合には、ST_LineInterpolatePointと同じになります。

Enhanced: 3.4.0 ジオグラフィ対応が導入されました。

Changed: 2.1.0 2.0.xではST_Line_Substringと呼ばれていました。

Availability: 1.1.0 Z軸とM軸のサポートが1.1.1で追加されました

この関数は3次元に対応し、Z値を削除しません。

例

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_LineSubstring( 'LINESTRING (20 180, 50 20, 90 80, 120 40, 180 150)', 0.333, 0.666));
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINESTRING (45.17311810399485 45.74337011202746, 50 20, 90 80, 112.97593050157862 49.36542599789519)

開始点と終了点とが同じ場合には、結果はPOINTになります。

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_LineSubstring( 'LINESTRING(25 50, 100 125, 150 190)', 0.333, 0.333));
------------------------------------------
 POINT(69.2846934853974 94.2846934853974)

LINESTRINGを長さ100以下の断片に分解するクエリ。FORループと同等のものを生成するためにgenerate_series()とCROSS JOIN LATERALとを併用しています。

WITH data(id, geom) AS (VALUES
        ( 'A', 'LINESTRING( 0 0, 200 0)'::geometry ),
        ( 'B', 'LINESTRING( 0 100, 350 100)'::geometry ),
        ( 'C', 'LINESTRING( 0 200, 50 200)'::geometry )
    )
SELECT id, i,
       ST_AsText( ST_LineSubstring( geom, startfrac, LEAST( endfrac, 1 )) ) AS geom
FROM (
    SELECT id, geom, ST_Length(geom) len, 100 sublen FROM data
    ) AS d
CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    SELECT i, (sublen * i) / len AS startfrac,
              (sublen * (i+1)) / len AS endfrac
    FROM generate_series(0, floor( len / sublen )::integer ) AS t(i)
    -- skip last i if line length is exact multiple of sublen
    WHERE (sublen * i) / len <
> 1.0
    ) AS d2;

 id | i |            geom
----+---+-----------------------------
 A  | 0 | LINESTRING(0 0,100 0)
 A  | 1 | LINESTRING(100 0,200 0)
 B  | 0 | LINESTRING(0 100,100 100)
 B  | 1 | LINESTRING(100 100,200 100)
 B  | 2 | LINESTRING(200 100,300 100)
 B  | 3 | LINESTRING(300 100,350 100)
 C  | 0 | LINESTRING(0 200,50 200)

ジオグラフィ実装では回転楕円体面に沿って計測し、ジオメトリではラインに沿って計測します。

SELECT ST_AsText(ST_LineSubstring( 'LINESTRING(-118.2436 34.0522, -71.0570 42.3611)'::geography, 0.333, 0.666),6) AS geog_sub
 , ST_AsText(ST_LineSubstring('LINESTRING(-118.2436 34.0522, -71.0570 42.3611)'::geometry, 0.333, 0.666),6) AS geom_sub;
---------------------------------------------------------------
geog_sub | LINESTRING(-104.167064 38.854691,-87.674646 41.849854)
geom_sub | LINESTRING(-102.530462 36.819064,-86.817324 39.585927)

For geometry inputs, the fractional locations are based on the 2D length of the line, even when the input has Z values. The resulting Z values are interpolated along the selected 2D location.

WITH data AS (
          SELECT 'LINESTRING Z (0 0 0, 0 2 5, 0 10 10)'::geometry AS geom
        )
        SELECT ST_Length(geom) AS length_2d,
               ST_3DLength(geom) AS length_3d,
               ST_AsText(ST_LineSubstring(geom, 0, 0.5)) AS substring
        FROM data;

         length_2d |    length_3d     |              substring
        -----------+------------------+-------------------------------------
                10 | 14.8191459391911 | LINESTRING Z (0 0 0,0 2 5,0 5 6.875)
        

関連情報

ST_Length, ST_LineExtend, ST_LineInterpolatePoint, ST_LineMerge