説明

投影座標系の単位で、二つのジオメトリ間の3次元デカルト距離の最小値を返します (空間参照系に基づきます)。

この関数は3次元に対応し、Z値を削除しません。

この関数は多面体サーフェスに対応しています。

このメソッドはSQL/MM仕様の実装です。 SQL-MM ISO/IEC 13249-3

Availability: 2.0.0

Changed: 2.2.0 - 2次元と3次元の場合には、もはや、存在しないZの値について0を仮定しません。

Changed: 3.0.0 - SFCGAL版は削除されました

例

-- Geometry example - units in meters (SRID: 2163 US National Atlas Equal area) (3D point and line compared 2D point and line)
-- Note: currently no vertical datum support so Z is not transformed and assumed to be same units as final.
SELECT ST_3DDistance(
                        ST_Transform('SRID=4326;POINT(-72.1235 42.3521 4)'::geometry,2163),
                        ST_Transform('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(-72.1260 42.45 15, -72.123 42.1546 20)'::geometry,2163)
                ) As dist_3d,
                ST_Distance(
                        ST_Transform('SRID=4326;POINT(-72.1235 42.3521)'::geometry,2163),
                        ST_Transform('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(-72.1260 42.45, -72.123 42.1546)'::geometry,2163)
                ) As dist_2d;

     dist_3d      |     dist_2d
------------------+-----------------
 127.295059324629 | 126.66425605671

-- Multilinestring and polygon both 3d and 2d distance
-- Same example as 3D closest point example
SELECT ST_3DDistance(poly, mline) As dist3d,
    ST_Distance(poly, mline) As dist2d
        FROM (SELECT  'POLYGON((175 150 5, 20 40 5, 35 45 5, 50 60 5, 100 100 5, 175 150 5))'::geometry as poly,
               'MULTILINESTRING((175 155 2, 20 40 20, 50 60 -2, 125 100 1, 175 155 1), (1 10 2, 5 20 1))'::geometry as mline) as foo;
      dist3d       | dist2d
-------------------+--------
 0.716635696066337 |      0

関連情報

ST_Distance, ST_3DClosestPoint, ST_3DDWithin, ST_3DMaxDistance, ST_3DShortestLine, ST_Transform