ST_Centroid — Returns the geometric center of a geometry.
geometry ST_Centroid(
geometry
g1)
;
geography ST_Centroid(
geography
g1, boolean
use_spheroid = true)
;
Computes a point which is the geometric center of mass of a geometry.
For [MULTI
]POINT
s,
the centroid is the arithmetic mean of the input coordinates.
For [MULTI
]LINESTRING
s,
the centroid is computed using the weighted length of each line segment.
For [MULTI
]POLYGON
s,
the centroid is computed in terms of area.
If an empty geometry is supplied, an empty GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
is returned.
If NULL
is supplied, NULL
is returned.
If CIRCULARSTRING
or COMPOUNDCURVE
are supplied, they are converted to linestring with CurveToLine first,
then same than for LINESTRING
For mixed-dimension input, the result is equal to the centroid of the component Geometries of highest dimension (since the lower-dimension geometries contribute zero "weight" to the centroid).
Note that for polygonal geometries the centroid does not necessarily lie in the interior of the polygon. For example, see the diagram below of the centroid of a C-shaped polygon. To construct a point guaranteed to lie in the interior of a polygon use ST_PointOnSurface.
New in 2.3.0 : supports CIRCULARSTRING
and COMPOUNDCURVE
(using CurveToLine)
Availability: 2.4.0 support for geography was introduced.
This method implements the OGC Simple Features Implementation Specification for SQL 1.1.
This method implements the SQL/MM specification. SQL-MM 3: 8.1.4, 9.5.5
In the following illustrations the red dot is the centroid of the source geometry.
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SELECT ST_AsText(ST_Centroid('MULTIPOINT ( -1 0, -1 2, -1 3, -1 4, -1 7, 0 1, 0 3, 1 1, 2 0, 6 0, 7 8, 9 8, 10 6 )')); st_astext ------------------------------------------ POINT(2.30769230769231 3.30769230769231) (1 row) SELECT ST_AsText(ST_centroid(g)) FROM ST_GeomFromText('CIRCULARSTRING(0 2, -1 1,0 0, 0.5 0, 1 0, 2 1, 1 2, 0.5 2, 0 2)') AS g ; ------------------------------------------ POINT(0.5 1) SELECT ST_AsText(ST_centroid(g)) FROM ST_GeomFromText('COMPOUNDCURVE(CIRCULARSTRING(0 2, -1 1,0 0),(0 0, 0.5 0, 1 0),CIRCULARSTRING( 1 0, 2 1, 1 2),(1 2, 0.5 2, 0 2))' ) AS g; ------------------------------------------ POINT(0.5 1)