Description

Creates a new one band raster formed by applying a valid PostgreSQL algebraic operation to the two bands defined by the expression on the two input raster bands rast1, (rast2). If no band1, band2 is specified band 1 is assumed. The resulting raster will be aligned (scale, skew and pixel corners) on the grid defined by the first raster. The resulting raster will have the extent defined by the extenttype parameter.

If pixeltype is passed in, then the new raster will have a band of that pixeltype. If pixeltype is passed NULL or no pixel type specified, then the new raster band will have the same pixeltype as the input rast1 band.

Use the term [rast1.val] [rast2.val] to refer to the pixel value of the original raster bands and [rast1.x], [rast1.y] etc. to refer to the column / row positions of the pixels.

Availability: 2.0.0

Example: 2 Band Intersection and Union

Create a new 1 band raster from our original that is a function of modulo 2 of the original raster band.

--Create a cool set of rasters --
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS fun_shapes; 
CREATE TABLE fun_shapes(rid serial PRIMARY KEY, fun_name text, rast raster);

-- Insert some cool shapes around Boston in Massachusetts state plane meters --
INSERT INTO fun_shapes(fun_name, rast)
VALUES ('ref', ST_AsRaster(ST_MakeEnvelope(235229, 899970, 237229, 901930,26986),200,200,'8BUI',0,0));

INSERT INTO fun_shapes(fun_name,rast)
WITH ref(rast) AS (SELECT rast FROM fun_shapes WHERE fun_name = 'ref' ) 
SELECT 'area' AS fun_name, ST_AsRaster(ST_Buffer(ST_SetSRID(ST_Point(236229, 900930),26986), 1000), 
			ref.rast,'8BUI', 10, 0) As rast
FROM ref
UNION ALL
SELECT 'rand bubbles', 
		 	ST_AsRaster( 
		 	(SELECT ST_Collect(geom)
	FROM (SELECT ST_Buffer(ST_SetSRID(ST_Point(236229 + i*random()*100, 900930 + j*random()*100),26986), random()*20) As geom
			FROM generate_series(1,10) As i, generate_series(1,10) As j
			) As foo ), ref.rast,'8BUI', 200, 0) 
FROM ref;

--map them -
SELECT  ST_MapAlgebraExpr(
		area.rast, bub.rast, '[rast2.val]', '8BUI', 'INTERSECTION', '[rast2.val]', '[rast1.val]') As interrast,
		ST_MapAlgebraExpr(
			area.rast, bub.rast, '[rast2.val]', '8BUI', 'UNION', '[rast2.val]', '[rast1.val]') As unionrast
FROM 
  (SELECT rast FROM fun_shapes WHERE
 fun_name = 'area') As area
CROSS JOIN  (SELECT rast 
FROM fun_shapes WHERE
 fun_name = 'rand bubbles') As bub
				

mapalgebra intersection

map algebra union

Example: Overlaying rasters on a canvas as separate bands

-- we use ST_AsPNG to render the image so all single band ones look grey --
WITH mygeoms 
    AS ( SELECT 2 As bnum, ST_Buffer(ST_Point(1,5),10) As geom
            UNION ALL
            SELECT 3 AS bnum, 
                ST_Buffer(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(50 50,150 150,150 50)'), 10,'join=bevel') As geom
            UNION ALL
            SELECT 1 As bnum, 
                ST_Buffer(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(60 50,150 150,150 50)'), 5,'join=bevel') As geom
            ),
   -- define our canvas to be 1 to 1 pixel to geometry
   canvas
    AS (SELECT ST_AddBand(ST_MakeEmptyRaster(200, 
        200, 
        ST_XMin(e)::integer, ST_YMax(e)::integer, 1, -1, 0, 0) , '8BUI'::text,0) As rast
        FROM (SELECT ST_Extent(geom) As e,
                    Max(ST_SRID(geom)) As srid 
                    from mygeoms 
                    ) As foo
            ),
   rbands AS (SELECT ARRAY(SELECT ST_MapAlgebraExpr(canvas.rast, ST_AsRaster(m.geom, canvas.rast, '8BUI', 100),
                 '[rast2.val]', '8BUI', 'FIRST', '[rast2.val]', '[rast1.val]') As rast
                FROM mygeoms AS m CROSS JOIN canvas
                ORDER BY m.bnum) As rasts
                )
          SELECT rasts[1] As rast1 , rasts[2] As rast2, rasts[3] As rast3, ST_AddBand(
                    ST_AddBand(rasts[1],rasts[2]), rasts[3]) As final_rast
            FROM rbands;

rast1	rast2
rast3	final_rast

Example: Overlay 2 meter boundary of select parcels over an aerial imagery

-- Create new 3 band raster composed of first 2 clipped bands, and overlay of 3rd band with our geometry
-- This query took 3.6 seconds on PostGIS windows 64-bit install
WITH pr AS
-- Note the order of operation: we clip all the rasters to dimensions of our region
(SELECT ST_Clip(rast,ST_Expand(geom,50) ) As rast, g.geom
	FROM aerials.o_2_boston AS r INNER JOIN
-- union our parcels of interest so they form a single geometry we can later intersect with
		(SELECT ST_Union(ST_Transform(the_geom,26986)) AS geom 
		  FROM landparcels WHERE pid IN('0303890000', '0303900000')) As g
		ON ST_Intersects(rast::geometry, ST_Expand(g.geom,50))
),
-- we then union the raster shards together
-- ST_Union on raster is kinda of slow but much faster the smaller you can get the rasters
-- therefore we want to clip first and then union
prunion AS
(SELECT ST_AddBand(NULL, ARRAY[ST_Union(rast,1),ST_Union(rast,2),ST_Union(rast,3)] ) As clipped,geom
FROM pr
GROUP BY geom)
-- return our final raster which is the unioned shard with 
-- with the overlay of our parcel boundaries
-- add first 2 bands, then mapalgebra of 3rd band + geometry
SELECT ST_AddBand(ST_Band(clipped,ARRAY[1,2])
	, ST_MapAlgebraExpr(ST_Band(clipped,3), ST_AsRaster(ST_Buffer(ST_Boundary(geom),2),clipped, '8BUI',250),
	 '[rast2.val]', '8BUI', 'FIRST', '[rast2.val]', '[rast1.val]') ) As rast
FROM prunion;

The blue lines are the boundaries of select parcels

See Also

ST_MapAlgebraExpr, ST_AddBand, ST_AsPNG, ST_AsRaster, ST_MapAlgebraFct, ST_BandPixelType, ST_GeoReference, ST_Value , ST_Union, ST_Union